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The economy is a complex system of interrelated activities that involve the production, distribution, consumption, and exchange of goods and services within a particular geographic area. Learn what an economy is, how it works, and what factors influence its growth and decline. Explore the different types of economic systems, such as traditional, command, market, mixed, green, and gig, and their characteristics and indicators. An economy is a system of production, consumption, and exchange activities that determines how resources are allocated. Learn about market-based, command-based, and mixed economies, and the indicators that measure their performance. An economy is a system through which individuals, businesses, and governments produce, distribute, and consume goods and services. It reflects the collective activities that determine how resources—such as labor, capital, and land—are allocated to meet the needs of a population.