Neurons: Different types of neurons (nerve cells)

Different types of neurons (nerve cells) make up the brain and the nervous system. They send and receive signals that enable us to move, feel sensations, and think. Learn more about how neurons function. Neuron, basic cell of the nervous system in vertebrates and most invertebrates from the level of the cnidarians (e.g., corals, jellyfish) upward. A typical neuron has a cell body containing a nucleus and two or more long fibers. Learn more about neurons. Understand the different types of neurons (motor, sensory, interneuron) and their structure, function, and location in the body. How do Neurons Work? A neuron is a nerve cell that processes and transmits information through electrical and chemical signals in the nervous system. Neurons consist of a cell body, dendrites (which receive signals), and an axon (which sends signals).