Additionally, the pH level of tap water is maintained to ensure it is between 6.5 to 8.5, which is optimal for safe drinking water. DEWA also tests that the tap water is free of harmful heavy metals such as arsenic, mercury, and lead. Learn what makes water unsuitable for drinking and how to treat water for potability. Explore the history and modern methods of water purification, from sedimentation and filtration to disinfection and desalination. Potable Water refers to water that is fit for human consumption. Learn its meaning, characteristics and different methods to make potable water, FAQ's. What Is Potable Water? Potable water refers to water that is safe for human consumption and meets the quality standards set by regulatory agencies, such as the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) in the USA. It is free from harmful contaminants, including bacteria, viruses, chemicals, and heavy metals, making it suitable for drinking, cooking, and other domestic uses.