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Maratha Empire was an early modern Indian confederation which dominated most of the Indian subcontinent in the 18th century. Know its history, wars, rulers & more The Maratha Empire , [a][12][13][14] also referred to as the Maratha Confederacy, was an early modern polity in the Indian subcontinent. It comprised the realms of the Peshwa and four major independent Maratha states [15][16] under the nominal leadership of the former. Maratha Empire (1674 to 1818) - Overview The Maratha Empire was the most powerful empire in India in the 17th century, founded by Chatrapati Shivaji Maharaj Sahu, the last Peshwa of the dynasty was Baji Rao II who was defeated by East India Company. Here is a detailed overview of the Empire. revolutionary step at the time. By com parison, the Bijapur Sultanate (ruled by the Adil Shahi dynasty), maintained merchant ships but did not possess a full-time naval force which could protect the coast; even the Mughal Empire ’