Botany is the branch of Biology that deals with the study of plants. Learn about the origin, development and applications of Botany with examples and quizzes at BYJU'S Biology. Botany , also called plant science, is the branch of natural science and biology studying plants, especially their anatomy, taxonomy, and ecology. [1] . A botanist or plant scientist is a scientist who specialises in this field. Botany is the study of the structure, development, reproduction, and growth of plants and plant-like organisms. The people who study botany are known as Botanists.